Washington, July 31 (Inditop.com) The head shape and overall size of rodents have been changing over the years. Now, an ecologist has tied these changes to human population density and climate change.
Oliver Pergams, assistant professor at the University of Illinois, Chicago, said that such size-and-shape changes in mammals, occurring in less than a century, are quite substantial.
He had earlier done studies on a century’s worth of anatomic changes between two geographically isolated rodents — Channel Island deer mice from coastal California and white-footed mice northwest of Chicago — and noted fast change among both.
“I suspected they weren’t unique examples,” he said. “I wondered whether these changes were occurring elsewhere, whether they were global in nature, and what some of the causes may be.”
Pergams examined specimen rodents from museums around the world, including the big collections held at Chicago’s Field Museum and the Smithsonian in Washington.
Altogether, he recorded more than 17,000 body and skull measurements from 1,300 specimens from 22 locations in Africa, the Americas and Asia.
The animals were collected from 1892 to 2001, and Pergams compared those from before 1950 to those collected after.
He also compared specimens gathered from sparsely populated islands to those from the mainland, where human populations were more dense.
Pergams found both increases and decreases in the 15 anatomic traits he measured, with changes as great as 50 percent over 80 years.
Ten of the 15 traits were associated with changes in human population density, current temperature, or trends in temperature and precipitation.
The findings appeared in the Friday edition of PLoS One.
